• Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a lifelong, chronic disease in which the pancreas cannot produce insulin enough or the body cannot effectively use this produced insulin, and which continues when some or all of the insulin-producing cells in the pancreas are destroyed.
• If the body is lacking the insulin hormone or the hormone is disabled, sugar cannot be transferred to the cells, hence the glucose in the blood increases and the blood sugar level rises (Hyperglycemia). The longer blood sugar levels stay high, the more serious symptoms that affect the organs (nerves, eyes, heart, kidneys, etc.) occur.

Risky Situations (Hypoglycemia and ketoacidosis) Hypoglycemia

A hypoglycemia coma may occur within minutes and requires treatment; however, mistakenly giving more glucose to a person with hypoglycemia does not pose a life-threatening risk.

Emergency Treatment

During a hypoglycemic seizure: If the patient is able to take food by mouth, she/he should be provided with sugared water, fruit juice or glucose tablets; if the patient begins losing consciousness, she/he should be taken to a health center immediately. An unconscious patient should never be given any food or drink as they may cause choking. Patients treated with insulin are advised to carry glucagon kits with them if possible and to teach people around them how to use glucagon.

What's Diabetic Ketoacidosis?

Diabetic ketoacidosis is a serious complication of diabetes that occurs when insulin levels excessively drop and the secretion of secondary counter regulatory - anti insulin hormones (glucagon, adrenaline, growth, hormone, and cortisol) increases or is disrupted.
Urgent diabetic ketoacidosis: Among the quite urgent symptoms are the continuing need for urinating frequently and ongoing polydipsia, vomiting more than once, dehydration, exhaustion, weight loss, flushing, stomach pain, breath smelling like nail polish, breathing deeply and fast, blackout, shock, coma, and so on.

Immediate Treatment

The patient is hospitalized and insulin is injected to the patient.

Chronic Diseases Caused by Diabetes 

• Cardiovascular Diseases (Observed in 65-70% of patients)
• Diabetic Foot Ulcers (The cause of 50% of amputations) 
• Diabetic Retinopathy (2% of patients suffer from blindness while 10 percent have vision loss) 
• Diabetic Nephropathy (50% of dialysis patients have diabetes due to kidney failure) 
• Diabetic Neuropathy (peripheral and autonomic nerve loss over time) 

Diabetes Disability Rates 

a- Type II Diabetes mellitus, controlled with diet and oral anti-diabetics not causing complications: 20%
b- Type I diabetes mellitus, does not cause any complications, keeps fasting blood glucose under 200 mg, does not have ketosis and hypoglycemia: 30%
c- Type I diabetes mellitus, does not keep fasting blood glucose under 200 mg, causes complications, does not have ketosis: 40%
d- Complications would be included with Balthazard's Formula.